Is AI's Next Frontier Underwater and in Orbit?
AI compute is moving offshore and into orbit as power, cooling, land, and permitting constraints intensify. Subsea and orbital data centers could improve resilience but create new security, governance, and geopolitical risks
The New Geography of AI Infrastructure
AI is making computation physical again: global AI capacity will follow not just chips and fiber, but power, water, cooling, permits, grid reliability, and the emerging Shadow Grid that turns energy infrastructure into the new map of AI advantage.
Brandon Owens
Command of the Interconnect: The Hidden Infrastructure War Beneath Artificial Intelligence
AI’s future may hinge on an obscure material few policymakers recognize: indium phosphide, which powers the optical interconnects linking massive AI chip clusters. As China tightens export controls, the U.S. faces a strategic chokepoint in the physical infrastructure underlying AI dominance.
Morgan Bazilian
